BIPV Technology Overview & Types of BIPV Systems

The integration of solar energy with architectural design has paved the way for innovative solutions such as building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). This technology not only makes the use of renewable energy possible, but also enhances the aesthetics of modern architecture. In this detailed blog, we will explore the concept, benefits, applications, and the future of sustainable building design of building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV).

How BIPV Works: Technology Overview

The PV module is the basic component of building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) technology. The module consists of solar cells that are connected together to form an array customized for a specific site. PV systems capture the sun's energy and convert it into heat and electricity. The electricity generated by PV panels can power direct current (DC) appliances or can be stored in batteries.

The output of the PV system can be connected to an inverter or converted to alternating current (AC) power for other applications or fed into the utility grid. Balance of system (BOS) refers to the additional components of a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system, including inverters, switches, controllers, meters, power conditioning equipment, wiring, support structures, and energy storage components.

Types of BIPV Systems

PV Roof Systems

The use of PV panels in roof systems can be a direct replacement for batten-seam metal roofs, traditional three-tab asphalt shingles, and ceramic tiles. Note that this type of installation requires adequate ventilation to keep the cell temperatures low.

BIPV Curtain Walls

Solar cells can supplement or replace traditional French windows or laminated glass. While these modules are mounted on vertical surfaces, which reduces the intensity of solar radiation, the overall size of the curtain wall helps to make up for the reduced power per unit area.

BIPV Skylights

The use of PV panels in skylight systems can save on the cost of PV panels and can be an interesting design feature. Like PV windows, translucent structures can both create a visual connection to the exterior environment and provide diffuse natural light.

BIPV Awnings

PV modules can be integrated into awnings or slightly angled sawtooth canopy designs. Translucent modules can filter sunlight from below while providing additional architectural benefits such as passive shading.